Linfotoxina alfa


PDB 1tnr
Linfotoxina alfa (superfamilia TNR, membro 1)
Identificadores
Símbolo	LTA
Símbolos alt.	LTA ; LT; TNFB; TNFSF1
Entrez	4049
HUGO	6709
OMIM	153440
RefSeq	NP_000586
UniProt	P01374
Outros datos
Locus	Cr. 6 :(31.54 – 31.54 Mb)

A linfotoxina alfa (LT-alfa, LTA), antes chamada factor de necrose tumoral beta (TNFβ), é unha proteína que nos humanos é codificada polo xene LTA do cromosoma 6, que é mediadora en diversas respostas do sistema inmunitario.^[1]^[2]

Función

A linfotoxina alfa é unha citocina membro da familia do factor de necrose tumoral, que é producida polos linfocitos. A LT-alfa é altamente inducible, segrégase, e existe en forma de molécula homotrimérica. A LT-alfa forma heterotrímeros coa linfotoxina beta, a cal ancora a LT-alfa á superficie da célula. A LT-alfa media unha gran variedade de respostas inflamatorias, inmunoestimulatorias e antivirias. A LT-alfa tamén está implicada na formación de órganos linfoides secundarios durante o desenvolvemento e xoga un papel na apoptose.^[3]

Nos ratos knockout para a LT-alfa, ningunha placa de Peyer nin ganglio linfático consegue deenvolverse, o que indica a importancia da LT-alfa no desenvolvemento inmunolóxico.^[4]

Interaccións

A linfotoxina alfa interacciona coa LTB.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Notas

↑ Nedwin GE, Naylor SL, Sakaguchi AY, Smith D, Jarrett-Nedwin J, Pennica D, Goeddel DV, Gray PW (November 1985). "Human lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor genes: structure, homology and chromosomal localization". Nucleic Acids Res 13 (17): 6361–6373. PMC 321958. PMID 2995927. doi:10.1093/nar/13.17.6361.
↑ Aggarwal BB, Eessalu TE, Hass PE (February 1986). "Characterization of receptors for human tumour necrosis factor and their regulation by gamma-interferon". Nature 318 (6047): 665–7. PMID 3001529. doi:10.1038/318665a0.
↑ "Entrez Gene: LTA lymphotoxin alpha (TNF superfamily, member 1)".
↑ Akirav, Eitan; Liao, Shan; Ruddle, Nancy (2008). "Chapter 2: Lymphoid Tissues and Organs". En Paul, William. Fundamental Immunology (Book) (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 27–55. ISBN 0-7817-6519-6.
↑ Williams-Abbott, L; Walter B N; Cheung T C; Goh C R; Porter A G; Ware C F (August 1997). "The lymphotoxin-alpha (LTalpha) subunit is essential for the assembly, but not for the receptor specificity, of the membrane-anchored LTalpha1beta2 heterotrimeric ligand". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 272 (31): 19451–19456. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9235946. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.31.19451.
↑ Browning, J L; Sizing I D, Lawton P, Bourdon P R, Rennert P D, Majeau G R, Ambrose C M, Hession C, Miatkowski K, Griffiths D A, Ngam-ek A, Meier W, Benjamin C D, Hochman P S (October 1997). "Characterization of lymphotoxin-alpha beta complexes on the surface of mouse lymphocytes". J. Immunol. (UNITED STATES) 159 (7): 3288–98. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 9317127.
↑ Browning, J L; Dougas I; Ngam-ek A; Bourdon P R; Ehrenfels B N; Miatkowski K; Zafari M; Yampaglia A M; Lawton P; Meier W (January 1995). "Characterization of surface lymphotoxin forms. Use of specific monoclonal antibodies and soluble receptors". J. Immunol. (UNITED STATES) 154 (1): 33–46. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 7995952.

Véxase tamén

Bibliografía

Körner H, Sedgwick JD (1997). "Tumour necrosis factor and lymphotoxin: molecular aspects and role in tissue-specific autoimmunity". Immunol. Cell Biol. 74 (5): 465–472. PMID 8912010. doi:10.1038/icb.1996.77.
Wang Q (2005). "Molecular genetics of coronary artery disease". Curr. Opin. Cardiol. 20 (3): 182–188. PMC 1579824. PMID 15861005. doi:10.1097/01.hco.0000160373.77190.f1.
Copeland KF (2006). "Modulation of HIV-1 transcription by cytokines and chemokines". Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry 5 (12): 1093–1101. PMID 16375755. doi:10.2174/138955705774933383.
Elewaut D, Ware CF (2007). "The unconventional role of LT alpha beta in T cell differentiation". Trends Immunol. 28 (4): 169–175. PMID 17336158. doi:10.1016/j.it.2007.02.005.

[pmid2995927-1] Nedwin GE, Naylor SL, Sakaguchi AY, Smith D, Jarrett-Nedwin J, Pennica D, Goeddel DV, Gray PW (November 1985). "Human lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor genes: structure, homology and chromosomal localization". Nucleic Acids Res 13 (17): 6361–6373. PMC 321958. PMID 2995927. doi:10.1093/nar/13.17.6361.

[pmid3001529-2] Aggarwal BB, Eessalu TE, Hass PE (February 1986). "Characterization of receptors for human tumour necrosis factor and their regulation by gamma-interferon". Nature 318 (6047): 665–7. PMID 3001529. doi:10.1038/318665a0.

[3] "Entrez Gene: LTA lymphotoxin alpha (TNF superfamily, member 1)".

[4] Akirav, Eitan; Liao, Shan; Ruddle, Nancy (2008). "Chapter 2: Lymphoid Tissues and Organs". En Paul, William. Fundamental Immunology (Book) (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 27–55. ISBN 0-7817-6519-6.

[pmid9235946-5] Williams-Abbott, L; Walter B N; Cheung T C; Goh C R; Porter A G; Ware C F (August 1997). "The lymphotoxin-alpha (LTalpha) subunit is essential for the assembly, but not for the receptor specificity, of the membrane-anchored LTalpha1beta2 heterotrimeric ligand". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 272 (31): 19451–19456. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9235946. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.31.19451.

[pmid9317127-6] Browning, J L; Sizing I D, Lawton P, Bourdon P R, Rennert P D, Majeau G R, Ambrose C M, Hession C, Miatkowski K, Griffiths D A, Ngam-ek A, Meier W, Benjamin C D, Hochman P S (October 1997). "Characterization of lymphotoxin-alpha beta complexes on the surface of mouse lymphocytes". J. Immunol. (UNITED STATES) 159 (7): 3288–98. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 9317127.

[pmid7995952-7] Browning, J L; Dougas I; Ngam-ek A; Bourdon P R; Ehrenfels B N; Miatkowski K; Zafari M; Yampaglia A M; Lawton P; Meier W (January 1995). "Characterization of surface lymphotoxin forms. Use of specific monoclonal antibodies and soluble receptors". J. Immunol. (UNITED STATES) 154 (1): 33–46. ISSN 0022-1767. PMID 7995952.

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