Peter Singer
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Peter Albert David Singer, nado en Melbourne o 6 de xullo de 1946, é un filósofo utilitarista australiano. Profesor de dereito e máis tarde de filosofía na Universidade de Monash (Melbourne).
Tras facer os seus estudos iniciais en Australia, na Universidade de Oxford tomou contacto co utilitarismo ético mediante a lectura de autores en lingua inglesa, como Jeremy Bentham e John Stuart Mill. Alí participou en protestas contra a guerra de Vietnam, e tamén ten lugar a súa «conversión» ao vexetarianismo, por influencia dalgúns estudantes, que lle espertaron o interese pola ética aplicada aos animais, o trato ético aos animais, o aborto, a eutanasia, a pobreza, a distribución de ingresos ou a educación.
Traxectoria
[editar | editar a fonte]Peter Singer naceu en Melbourne (Victoria) o 6 de xullo de 1946.[1] Os seus pais eran vieneses xudeus que fuxiron a Australia en 1938 para escapar da anexión de Austria por Alemaña.[2] Os seus avós non foron tan afortunados: os paternos foron levados a Łódź polos nazis, onde se perde os seus rastro. O seu avó materno morreu en Theresiendstadt.
O pai de Singer era importador de té e café, mentres a súa nai era médica. Asistiu ao Colexio Escocés. Despois estudou leis, historia e filosofía na Universidade de Melbourne, obtivo o grao académico en 1967. En 1969 recibiu un MA (mestría en artes) pola súa tese titulada Por que debería eu ser moral?
Gañou unha bolsa para estudar na Universidade de Oxford, obtendo o bacharelato en Filosofía en 1971 cunha tese sobre a desobediencia civil, supervisada por R. M. Hare, e posteriormente, publicada como libro en 1973 (Democracy and Desobedience, 1973). Despois de ser lector (fellow) na Universidade de Oxford, foi profesor visitante na Universidade de Nova York por 16 meses. Volveu a Melbourne en 1977, onde exerceu por maior tempo a súa carreira. Traballou na Universidade de Monash e en institucións ligadas a ela, e en 1999 obtivo a cátedra DeCamp de bioética no Center of Human Values da Universidade de Princeton, nos EUA. Desde 1993 é líder da plataforma animalista Proxecto Gran Simio, e autor do libro do mesmo título xunto coa pensadora italiana Paola Cavalieri.
Publicacións
[editar | editar a fonte]- Liberación Animal. Taurus, Madrid, 2011.
- What Should a Billionaire Give — and What Should You, The New York Times, 2006
- Democracy and Disobedience, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1973; Oxford University Press, Nova York, 1974; Gregg Revivals, Aldershot, Hampshire, 1994
- Animal Rights and Human Obligations: An Anthology (co-editor with Thomas Regan), Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1976. 2nd revised edition, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1989
- Ética práctica, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1995. ISBN 0-521-22920-0 0521297206
- Marx, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1980; Hill & Wang, Nova York, 1980; reissued asMarx: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, 2000; also included in full in K. Thomas (ed.), Great Political Thinkers: Machiavelli, Hobbes, Mill and Marx, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1992
- Animal Factories (co-author with James Mason), Crown, Nova York, 1980
- The Expanding Circle: Ethics and Sociobiology, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, Nova York, 1981; Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1981; New American Library, Nova York, 1982. ISBN 0-19-283038-4
- Hegel, Oxford University Press, Oxford e Nova York, 1982; reissued as Hegel: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, 2001; also included in full in German Philosophers: Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1997
- Test-Tube Babies: a guide to moral questions, present techniques, and future possibilities(co-edited with William Walters), Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1982
- The Reproduction Revolution: New Ways of Making Babies (co-author with Deane Wells), Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1984. revised American edition, Making Babies, Scribner's New York, 1985
- Should the Baby Live? The Problem of Handicapped Infants (co-author with Helga Kuhse), Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1985; Oxford University Press, Nova York, 1986; Gregg Revivals, Aldershot, Hampshire, 1994. ISBN 0-19-217745-1
- In Defence of Animals (ed.), Blackwells, Oxford, 1985; Harper & Row, Nova York, 1986. ISBN 0-631-13897-8
- Ethical and Legal Issues in Guardianship Options for Intellectually Disadvantaged People(co-author with Terry Carney), Human Rights Commission Monograph Series, no. 2, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 1986
- Applied Ethics (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1986
- Animal Liberation: A Graphic Guide (co-author with Lori Gruen), Camden Press, Londres, 1987
- Embryo Experimentation (co-editor with Helga Kuhse, Stephen Buckle, Karen Dawson and Pascal Kasimba), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1990; paperback edition, updated, 1993
- A Companion to Ethics (ed.), Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1991; paperback edition, 1993
- Save the Animals! (Australian edition, co-author with Barbara Dover and Ingrid Newkirk), Collins Angus & Robertson, North Ryde, NSW, 1991
- El proyecto gran simio: la igualdad más allá de la humanidad (co-editado con Paola Cavalieri), Madrid, Trotta, 1998.
- How Are We to Live? Ethics in an Age of Self-interest, Text Publishing, Melbourne, 1993; Mandarin, Londres, 1995; Prometheus, Buffalo, NY, 1995; Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1997
- Ethics (ed.), Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1994
- Individuals, Humans and Persons: Questions of Life and Death (co-author with Helga Kuhse), Academia Verlag, Sankt Augustin, Germany, 1994
- Rethinking Life and Death: The Collapse of Our Traditional Ethics, Text Publishing, Melbourne, 1994; St Martin's Press, Nova York, 1995; reprint 2008. ISBN 0-312-11880-5Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1995
- The Greens (co-author with Bob Brown), Text Publishing, Melbourne, 1996
- The Allocation of Health Care Resources: An Ethical Evaluation of the "QALY" Approach (co-author with John McKie, Jeff Richardson and Helga Kuhse), Ashgate/Dartmouth, Aldershot, 1998
- A Companion to Bioethics (co-editor with Helga Kuhse), Blackwell, Oxford, 1998
- Ethics into Action: Henry Spira and the Animal Rights Movement, Rowman and Littlefield, Lanham, Maryland, 1998; Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1999
- Bioethics. An Anthology (co-editor with Helga Kuhse), Blackwell, 1999/ Oxford, 2006
- A Darwinian Left, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, Londres, 1999; Yale University Press, New Haven, 2000. ISBN 0-300-08323-8
- Writings on an Ethical Life, Ecco, Nova York, 2000; Fourth Estate, Londres, 2001. ISBN 0-06-019838-9
- Unsanctifying Human Life: Essays on Ethics (edited by Helga Kuhse), Blackwell, Oxford, 2001
- One World: The Ethics of Globalization, Yale University Press, New Haven, 2002; Text Publishing, Melbourne, 2002; 2nd edition, pb, Yale University Press, 2004; Oxford Longman, Hyderabad, 2004. ISBN 0-300-09686-0
- Pushing Time Away: My Grandfather and the Tragedy of Jewish Vienna, Ecco Press, Nova York, 2003; HarperCollins Australia, Melbourne, 2003; Granta, Londres, 2004
- The President of Good and Evil: The Ethics of George W. Bush, Dutton, Nova York, 2004; Granta, Londres, 2004; Text, Melbourne, 2004. ISBN 0-525-94813-9
- How Ethical is Australia? An Examination of Australia's Record as a Global Citizen (with Tom Gregg), Black Inc, Melbourne, 2004
- The Moral of the Story: An Anthology of Ethics Through Literature (co-edited with Renata Singer), Blackwell, Oxford, 2005
- In Defense of Animals. The Second Wave (ed.), Blackwell, Oxford, 2005
- The Way We Eat: Why Our Food Choices Matter, Rodale, Nova York, 2006 (co-author with Jim Mason); Text, Melbourne; Random House, Londres. Auudio version: Playaway. ISBN 1-57954-889-X
- Eating (con Jim Mason), Arrow, Londres, 2006
- Stem Cell Research: the ethical issues. (coeditado con Lori Gruen, Laura Grabel, and Peter Singer. Nova York: Blackwells. 2007.
- The Bioethics Reader: Editors' Choice. (coeditado con Ruth Chadwick, Helga Kuhse, Willem Landman and Udo Schüklenk). Nova York: Blackwells. 2007.
- The Future of Animal Farming: Renewing the Ancient Contract (con Marian Stamp Dawkins, and Roland Bonney). Nova York: Wiley-Blackwell, 2008.
- The Life You Can Save: Acting Now to End World Poverty. Nova York: Random House 2009.
Notas
[editar | editar a fonte]Véxase tamén
[editar | editar a fonte]Bibliografía
[editar | editar a fonte]- Duignan, Brian (2023). "Peter Singer". Encyclopaedia Britannica (en inglés).
- Thompson, Peter (2007). "Talking Heads - Peter Singer" (en inglés). p. Australina Broadcasting Corporation. Arquivado dende o orixinal o 20 de maio de 2013.
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